Mechanical movement



July 4, 1961 A. J. SCHOLTES MEcHANicAL MOVEMENT l7 Sheets-Sheet 1 FiledMarch 17, 1960 INVENTOR Albert J.Scholtes BY W" ATTORNEYS MECHANICALMOVEMENT Filed March 17, 1960 17 Sheets-Sheet 2 I J9 INVENTOR. :9. cf.621702268 July 4, 1 A. J. SCHOLTES MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed March 17.1960 1'7 Sheets-Sheet 3 ll/AII/ lI/IA J4 :4. 6/: r3072 aZZ'eZ' A. J.SCHOLTES MECHANICAL MOVEMENT 1'7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 17, 1960INVENTOR. 11d Sc/Q0236) Filed March 17, 1960 July 4, 1961 A. J. SCHOLTES2,990,720

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT l7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR A. J. Scholtes ATTORNEYSy 1961 A. J. SCHOLTES 2,990,720

. MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed March 17, 1960 17 Sheets-Sheet 6 A. J.Scholtes Q m g. ATTO EYS July 4, 1961 A. J. SCHOLTES MECHANICAL MOVEMENTFiled March 17, 1960 17 Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTOR A. J. Schohes ATTORNEYSJuly 4, 1961 A. J. scHoLTEs mmmcn. uommr Filed Iarch 17. 1960 17Sheets-Sheet 8 QdI A. J. Scholtes BY Mm? 8M1 Al ORNEYS y 4, 1961 A. J.SCHOLTES 2,990,720

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed March 17, 1960 17 Sheets-Sheet 9 STEP I56START INVENTOR A.'J. Scholtes Earl 7% a ATTORNEYS July 4, 1961 A. J.SCHOLTES MECHANICAL MOVEMENT 17 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed March 17, 1960352:. .8 mitmom INVENTOR A. J. Scholtes omhuu aha ATTORNEYS y 1961 A. J.SCHOLTES 2,990,720

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed March 17, 1960 17 Sheets-Sheet 11 4 U] STEPINVENTOR A. J. Scholtes ATTORNEYS y 1961 A. J. SCHOLTES 2,990,720

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed March 17, 1960 1'7 Sheets-Sheet 12 7H1 STEPINVENTOR A. J. Scholtes BY W 2 ATTORNEYS July 4, 1961 A. J. SCHOLTESMECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed March 17, 1960 a m STEP IB- 48 Of 22 l/2 FULLUNBALANCED 17 Sheets-Sheet 13 POSITIVE INVENTOR A. J. Sc holtesATTORNEYS July 4, 1961 A. J. SCHOLTES MECHANICAL MOVEMENT l7Sheets-Sheet 14 Filed March 17, 1960 wmdE .o 6 ET? M TE: 22; was. E m

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MECHANICAL MOVEMENT ATTORNEYS July 4,1961

Filed March 17, 1960 A. J. SCHOLTES 2,990,720

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT l7 Sheets-Sheet 17 k m y ATTORNEY 5 United StatesPatent- MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Albert J. Scholtes, 714, Ohio Ave., CorpusChristi,

Filed Mar. 17, 1960, Ser. No. 16,903 i Claims. (Cl. 74-86) Tex.

The present invention relates to mechanical movement and;is acontinuation-impart of my co-pending application Serial No; 726,150,filed April 3, 1958, now abandoned and has for an object to impose on anelement or applicator carried'by the ,free end of a post, which ismounted at its other end for universal movement, a compound motion as ofthe orbit of the third Lissajous figure, useful for applicatorsofvarious kinds in many special applications. Y

For instance, the invention may be used and employed in a therapeuticmuscle developing and massaging machine in which case the applicatorwill be in the form of a massage pad; or the applicator may be in theform ofa paddle or stirrer for use in stirring paints and the like: alsoto impart to an element of any kind, incessant circulatory motionreversing alternately its rotation of travel, through the path of itsorbit.

.It is another object of the invention to superimpose upon the post agyratory motion, preferably symmetrical, following the pattern of afigure 8 or the third Lissajous figure.

A further object of the invention is to provide an additional movement,desirable in some of its many applications, which will, in addition tothe gyra-tory movement, also simultaneously impose on the post orelement an oscillatory motion.

It is a still further object of the invention to provide a machine whichwill, in addition to the gyratory and oscillatory motions, alsosupen'mpose upon an applicator mounted to the free end portion of thepost a tilting action in which the applicator is constantly undergoingplanar changes throughout its cycle of operations.

' In connection with the use of the invention in a therapeuticenvironment, the motion of the applicator will be eifective not only tomassage local areas of the human body but also to stretch and redevelopdepreciated muscles contributing to general improvement in bodily toneand correction of stature. This is being done in this machine, byfollowing closely the natural movement of the body as provided bynature, namely, a natural body speed, along with a movement which doesnot rotate continuously in one direction, but reverses its rotationalternatively, but still being circulatory in action, as in the path ofthe orbit of the third Lissajous figure which is that of the figureeight. In such a movement, the muscle tissue of the body cannot beinjured, as would occur in any movement having continuous rotation inone direction. Adding to this novel motion, an oscillatory motion timedto take place on the curves of the orbit of travel, a perfect bodyrhythm is thereby produced, bringing all the muscles into rhythmicactionat one time, as produced-by an Egyptian muscle dance. In the operationof this movement there is also provided the tilting action, combinedwith all the other movements, therefore providing motion tothe bodyinall possible directions simultaneously.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a machine havingconvergent forces concentrating upon a tool, scriber, or other implementor post, a resultant movement being the components of the convergentforces which may differ in value including means -for adjusting suchvalue ditferences whereby the implement may be caused to follow apreselected path of a right line 'or curvilinear character.

i 7 A still further object of the invention is to realize 2,990,720Patented July 4, 1961 "ice connection with the shafts pitman motionshaving difierential throws whereby the character or the resultantmovement impressed upon the implement may be regulated.

A still further object of the invention is to incorporate in the devicetwo interconnected Peaucellier mechanisms, one for each of theconvergent forces for generating an exact straight-line motion by theaction of its links connected in pairs in a substantially parallelogramassociation and which through variations in motions of the associatedparts including the ditferentially acting shafts may selectively impartto the implement an infinite variety of curvilinear motions.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention will be morefully described hereinafter, and will be more particularly pointed outin the claims appended hereto.

In the drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like or correspondingparts throughout the several views:

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a mechanical movement in accordancewith the present invention with parts broken away for clearness.

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 3 is an end elevational view of the device with the cover removedand the base illustrated in section.

FIGURE 4 is a top plan view of the mechanism with the cover andapplicator pad removed.

FIGURE 5 is an end elevational view of the mechanism taken from the endopposite that shown in FIGURE 3 and illustrating the upper portion ofthe post as broken away.

FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary vertical section taken on an enlarged scale onthe line 5 -5 of FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 6 is a side elevational view of the mechanism showing the postpartly broken away and the base in section.

FIGURE 7 is a side elevational view taken from the side opposite thatshown in FIGURE 6 with the post broken away and the base in section.

FIGURE 8 is a vertical sectional view taken on an enlarged scale throughthe base universal mounting of the post.

FIGURE 8 is an exploded vertial sectional view of the rubber disc andgrommet in normal expanded condition.

FIGURE 9 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on an enlarged scalethrough the telescopic post sections showing a form of connection of thepitman.

FIGURE 10 shows a detail partly in elevation and partly in section ofthe oscillator arm.

FIGURE 11 is a diagram showing the pattern of movement of the element orapplicator.

FIGURE 12 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view with partsillustrated in elevation of a modified form of device illustrating aone-piece post.

FIGURE 13 is a similar view showing the application of the motion to awashing machine.

FIGURE 14 is a top plan view of a modified form of a machine formechanical movement constructed in accordance with the presentinvention.

FIGURE 15 is a front elevational view taken of the machine of FIGURE 14taken in the direction of the arrow A of FIGURE 14.

FIGURE 16 is an end elevational view taken in the 0 direction of thearrow B of FIGURE 14.

FIGURE 17 is a top plan view with parts removed such convergent forcesin the form of rotating shafts and and parts shown in sectionillustrating the two shaft and pitman motions together with theselective gear ratio mechanism.

FIGURE 18 is a similar view showing follower positions 'of-the'partsQ"FIGURE 19 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 19-19 ofFIGURE 17 and illustrating a disengage'd position of the selective gearmechanismto which the same is-movedprior tomaking a gear change; a

FIGURE 20 is a similar view showing the drive incuga ged position of thegears afteradjustment to a'selected gear ratio. Y

FIGURE 21 is a plan diagram or schematic illustrating a neutral orinitial position of the mechanical mo vement. FIGURES 22 through 29 aresimilar views showing progression of the movements-of the machine fordescribing afigureS. e 1

FIGURES 30 through 60 are graphs showing typical examples of patternscapableof being traced by the-gyratory movement of thepost or implement.

FIGURE 61 is a vertical sectional view taken on an enlarged scale-on theline 61-61 of FIGURE 1S with the scriber elevated above the bushingwhich-forms the verfitted in part-spherical sockets 29, 30 in the postsection 11. The pitman rods 33, 34include turnbuckles 33, 34 for thepurpose of adjusting'the lengths thereof. 7

The pitman rods 33, 34 are held in place by a confining plate 36 -whichalso holds absorbentlubricating pad 35 about the joints 31, 32. A stud3.7 passesthrough the pad 35 and plate 136 and is threaded intoa'threacled opening 38 in the lower post section 11. A- lock nut 39 isalso threaded on the stud and binds against the post section 11. Thebelt head 40 of the stud'flflqengages the outer side of the confining.plate36 to ur-ge the plate against the ball ends 31 =and32, to holdassembly :into

the ball sockets 29 and 30; Openings-41 and 42 :are made 7 man therein.

tex or pivotal-connectionbetween the two Peaucellier mechanisms. v

FIGURE 62 is a longitudinalsectional view taken on the line 62-62 inFIGURE 17.

" FIGURE 63 is a diagram showing the positive and negative phasing. h

FIGURE 64 is a graph being thepositive phasing of complemental FIGURE52. V v ,Referring more particularly to the drawings, 10 designates anupper section of a postwhich is telescoped and rotatable in a lowersection 11 of the post. In other words, the two sections 10 and'llconstitute the post.

The lower end portion of the lower section *is fitted into a bearingcollar 12 and secured therein *by a cross pin '13. The bearing collar 12is on the upper end of a shell 14 having a lower flanged end 15 whichprojects inwardly.

A' plate :16 is arranged to close the lower end of the lower section 11of the post and to rest upon a disc 17 of live rubber which is locatedabove the enlarged head 18 of a step or carriage bolt 19.

A liver rubber grommet 20 is provided with a hole 21 for receiving theshank of the bolt 19. The grommet 20 is formed with a reduced lower end22 which provides a shoulder 23 for taking against the lower flanged end'15 of the shell 14. p

A compression disc 24 is provided with 'a threaded opening correspondingto the threads on the shank of the carriage bolt 19 and said discisadapted to'be rotated on the bolt to move the disc up against thelower end 22 of the grommet 20. 7 h

A base 25 or support member is provided with a performation to receivethe shank of the carriage bolt '19 and a lock spider washer 26 is fittedover the shank ofthe bolt below the base 25. A nut 27 is also threadedon the bolt 19 below the washer 26, which nut is tightend up against theWasher. The bolt 19 has a square section 28 closely engaged by thegrommet 20 toprevent rotation of the bolt when the nut 27 is tightened.

The above construction forms 'a universal, yieldable andnoiselessmounting for the post 10, 11 and the upper end of the post mayhave a gyratory motion about 'the support.

The mechanism for imparting this gyratory motion to the upper end of thepostlt), 1 1, in the single embodi ment of the invention illustrated inthe drawings, comprises pitman rods 33 and 34 convergently disposed-withrespect to one another, angularly displaced from one another withreference to the axis of the postat an angle of substantially ninetydegrees andeoinciding with radii of the post in the origin, rest: orneutral upright position of the post as shown in FIGURE9; The;convergentor inner ends of the rods 33, 34 have universal balls 31, 32,

in the plate 36, such openingsbeing wider than the pitman cross-sectionsto allow freedom ofmovement of *thepit- The pitman 33'is connected atits outer'end and driven by a universal bearing crank 43 made fast :on afast V shaft 44 journalled in bearings '45 and 46. I

. A large V-belt pulley 47 is fast on the fastshaft44 and engaged by aV-belt 48. Thebelt 48is engaged with-a small diameterpulley loose. on anidlebearingshaft 49. Also idle on the shaft 49 is a largepulley 51, the

pulleys 50 and 51 being fastened together into one nnit so thatthe'large pulley drives the small pulley-andxthrough the belt 48 drivesthe fast shaft 44. 7 The large pulley 51 is engaged-by a drive belt 5driven from a small pulley'53 on the .armature-sha'ftof anelectric motor54 installed on the base.25. I

V A small bevel pinion 55 is fast on the fast shaft 44and is in meshwith a large bevel pinion '56 faston a slow shaft '57 'journalled inbearings 58 and 59.- The slow shaft 57 has a crank 60 .fast thereonconnected universally to drive the pitman rod 34. Spherical rod andbearings 61 and 62 on the pitman rods engage the cranks 43 and 60allowing for universal movement of the pitman rods-on the-cranks. 1 a

A thrust washer-63 on the upper post section 10 rests on the upper endof the lower post section '11. A collar 64 disposed above'thethrustwasher 63 is made fastto the upperpost section 10. r I i In thelower part of upper post section 10 which is housed within the lowerpostsection 11,-is -a-circular groove 65 engaged by the dog end of athreaded setscrew 66 which-is threaded through the lower post section'11. Thusthe upper post section 10may rotate with respect to the lowerpost section 11-but the engagement of thedog e'nd 67 in the circulargroove 65 will prevent casual or accidental upward movement ordisengagement of the upper post section 10 from the lower post section11 and tohold it into assembly. a i

Carried by the upper end of the upper post section 10' is an applicator68. This applicator maybe in the form of a round massage pad,'in theform of a stirrer or paddle where the device is'used, for instance, inmixing paints andthe like, or other form of-applicator. v Y

Where the. applicator is a massage pad,-the same will preferably beprovided with a groove 69-to divide the-pad into two'sections, so eachsection of the pad can act-onithe muscles of the back, without causing'undueffriction to the spine itself, during oscillation The groove is to-be placed inregistry and alignmentwith the' human spine. i

In addition to the gyratory movement imparted to the upper portion ofthe post and applicator 68, the-same may be given a rotary oroscillatory motion in which the upper post section 10 moves angularlyorrotates aboutthe nonrotary lower post section 11.

In the instance illustrated this motion may beachieved by an oscillationproducingdevice comprising an oscillator and upper post section 10 at apoint, running in axial line s ,with the groove of the applicator 68., vThus the oscillator arm is ,rigidlyconnected to the upper post section10. The oscillator arm contains an integral shoulder 73 or a nut, pinnedto the arm 70 so as to bind against the collar 72.

At its outer end the oscillator arm 70 carries a ball 74 to fit in auniversal socket 75 in one end of the link 71, the ball and socketconstituting a universal joint. At its other endithe link is providedwith a universal socket 76 to receive a ball 77 on a bracket 78 mountedon the frame 79. The'link 71 extends at right angle to an axis line,which extends through the point of tangent of the two loops, and throughthe loops, which represent the orbit of travel of the post. i

In assembling the device, beforethe lower post section 11 is assembledto the bearing collar 12 and while the upper end of the collar 12 isopen, the shank of the carriage bolt 19 is first inserted through thehole .21 in the grommet 20; thereupon the combined carriage bolt andgrommet are dropped through. the upper end ofthe collar 12 until theshoulder 23 comes-to rest on the flange 15 of the shell 14. The rubberdisc 17 is then dropped on top of the bolt head 18, followed by droppingthe metal disc 16 on the rubber disc 17. Thereupon the lower end of thepost section 11 is entered into the collar 12 and the cross pin 13inserted.

The compression disc 24 is then threaded on the bolt 19 and is runupwardly thereon to compress the rubber grommet 20 and the rubber disc17 around the bolt head 18 and around the square section 28 of suchbolt. This .squeezing'of the rubber disc 17 and grommet 20 causes thesame to bulge outwardly against the shell to close all voids.

- In this action the lower reduced end 22 is also deformed and theinherent elasticity causes the surplus rubber to flow out beneath theflange 15. The body of rubber is held under compression within the shelland about the square or other straight line section 28 which resistsaxial turning movement of the bolt 19 but forms an elastic bearingpermitting the post sections to have a universal or gyratory movement.

In operation, the pitman rods 33 and 34 are preferably at right anglesto one another, that is, separated by ninety degrees as this angulardistance is desirable in order to register a perfect symmetrical patternin the gyratory movement of the upper end of the post carrying theapplicator. The pattern referred to herein is an S-figure path describedby the upper end of the post or the third Lissajous figure.

The fast and slow shafts 44 and 57 are preferably also at right anglesto one another and to their respective pitman rods 33, 34.

Viewing FIGURE 11, when the post is in neutral position, that is,absolutely vertical; otherwise stated, at the point of tangency betweenthe two loops of the 8-figure pattern the axis line of which passesthrough the loops. The fast and slow shafts '44 and 57 and the points ofconnection between the pitman rods and the post should preferably all bein the same common plane, in this case in the same horizontal plane.

Where the axes of the fast and slow shafts are in the same plane withthe points of connection referred to, the cranks will rise above theplane the same distance as they will descend below this plane so thatthe axes of the pitman rods form with the points of connection with thepost the same angles in the upper and lower positions of the cranks,this being necessary to form a uniform pattern otherwise the loops ofthe pattern will -be distorted and not symmetrical.

The pitman rods and shafts form a closed square having equal sides,which is also necessary if the pattern is to be symmetrical as to bothloops. i

'To synchronize the pattern as to both' loops it is also absolutelynecessary that the gear ratio be Z-1. In a *successfulform of theinvention the small pinion 55 57 differ in just exactly one half of thespeed, the travel of the slow pitman 34 on one half a revolution of theslow crank 60 would equal the same distance of travel of the fast pitman33 during a full revolution of the fast crank. 43. Therefore, bothpitmans start with a pushing motion to the right, while on the secondhalf revolution of the slow crank '60, thepitmans start'with a pushingmotion to the left; in this way they form both loops of the figure 8,but the direction of travel f0 each loop is opposite.

This reversal of travel while still being a continuous circulatorymotion is the new and novel feature of this invention.

While in this instance the off center of the cranks are two to one ratiofor the purpose herein of securing the most perfect symmetrical patternin the orbit of the, figure eight or third Lissajous figure,nevertheless any combination of off center may be employed to the cranksto vary the pattern of the orbit of figure, from a long and narrowfigure eight to a wide and short figure eight,

neither of which would be symmetrical, but would still be desirable incertain other applications of this novel movement employed in otheruses.

The reason for the absolute 2 to 1 gear ratio on the shafts is tomaintain the same ratio of speed to the shafts. Therefore, should onegear have one or more teeth than the other on this 2 to 1 ratio, theresult would be a constant change in the relationship of the travel ofthe pitmans to each other, whereby the pattern of the orbit could not becontrolled by the setting of the off center of the two cranks withrelation to each other.

The cranks can be made adjustable as to the extent of throw, so thedistance of travel of the pitmans can be changed.

Referring more particularly to FIGURE 11 showing diagrammatically thesymmetrical double looped pattern arrangement, assuming that the post 10is in neutral position, that is, with its axis (vertical, which neutralposition is indicated at 0, the two cranks will then' be in theuppermost position. The slow crank and pitman, and oscillator arm havethe same line of axis through the two loops. On its first quarter turnthe fast crank pushes the post from 0 to A, aided of course by thecomplementary movement of the slow crank, the movement of which will bedescribed below.

In other words the fast crank goes 4 turn from neutral 0 to A on a push;then from A to B on a pull and from B to C on a pull. Then, from C to 0on a push, completing the revolution of the crank and bringing the sameagain to the uppermost position, while the slow crankis in a lowermostposition.

Meanwhile, the slow crank, with twice the throw of the fast crank moves/a turn from 0 to A on a push and from A to B (second A turn) on anotheror continuing push; then from B to C on a pull turn) and from C to 0 ona pull A; further turn) completing one-half revolution, placing it inthe lowermost position.

Having completed loop 1 the post has been returned to neutral position 0and the fast crank is in the uppermost position and the slow crank inthe lowermost position. The fast crank is therefore ready for anotherpush which is responsible for reversing the direction of movement inloop 2. At the same time the slow crank is still on pull so that theupper end ofthe post or applicator is moved in the second loop from 0 toa, at which time the fast crank has moved from top position turn and is

